Bitcoin Faces Quantum Threat, Researchers Propose Solutions

Bitcoin's security relies on elliptic-curve cryptography, which could be compromised by future quantum computers using Shor's algorithm. This week, three significant developments emerged in addressing this potential threat. StarkWare reported a cost reduction for quantum-resistant transactions from 320美元 to 67美元 within a week, although these transactions are nonstandard and only protect coins with unexposed public keys. The second approach involves upgrading Bitcoin's protocol to adopt post-quantum signatures, a long-term solution that requires extensive community engagement and could take years to implement. The third strategy focuses on custody solutions, with Coinbase outlining its plans for post-quantum custody to adapt to future signature schemes, ensuring compatibility with current key-splitting techniques. Additionally, researchers introduced a new design for shielded Bitcoin transfers, enhancing privacy alongside quantum resistance. While the arrival of a quantum computer, termed 'Q-Day,' remains hypothetical and distant, these advancements indicate a shift from theoretical discussions to practical preparations in the crypto industry.

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